Annexe G. Un exemple de fichier .bashrc

#===============================================================
#
# PERSONAL $HOME/.bashrc FILE for bash-2.05 (or later)
#
# This file is read (normally) by interactive shells only.
# Here is the place to define your aliases, functions and
# other interactive features like your prompt.
#
# This file was designed (originally) for Solaris.
# --> Modified for Linux.
# This bashrc file is a bit overcrowded - remember it is just
# just an example. Tailor it to your needs 
#
#===============================================================

# --> Comments added by HOWTO author.

#-----------------------------------
# Source global definitions (if any)
#-----------------------------------

if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
        . /etc/bashrc   # --> Read /etc/bashrc, if present.
fi

#-------------------------------------------------------------
# Automatic setting of $DISPLAY (if not set already)
# This works for linux and solaris - your mileage may vary....
#-------------------------------------------------------------

if [ -z ${DISPLAY:=""} ]; then
    DISPLAY=$(who am i)
    DISPLAY=${DISPLAY%%\!*}
    if [ -n "$DISPLAY" ]; then
        export DISPLAY=$DISPLAY:0.0
    else
        export DISPLAY=":0.0"  # fallback
    fi
fi

#---------------
# Some settings
#---------------

set -o notify
set -o noclobber
set -o ignoreeof
set -o nounset
#set -o xtrace          # useful for debuging

shopt -s cdspell
shopt -s cdable_vars
shopt -s checkhash
shopt -s checkwinsize
shopt -s mailwarn
shopt -s sourcepath
shopt -s no_empty_cmd_completion
shopt -s histappend histreedit
shopt -s extglob        # useful for programmable completion

#-----------------------
# Greeting, motd etc...
#-----------------------

# Define some colors first:
red='\e[0;31m'
RED='\e[1;31m'
blue='\e[0;34m'
BLUE='\e[1;34m'
cyan='\e[0;36m'
CYAN='\e[1;36m'
NC='\e[0m'              # No Color
# --> Nice. Has the same effect as using "ansi.sys" in DOS.

# Looks best on a black background.....
echo -e "${CYAN}This is BASH ${RED}${BASH_VERSION%.*}${CYAN} - DISPLAY on ${RED}$DISPLAY${NC}\n"
date
if [ -x /usr/games/fortune ]; then 
    /usr/games/fortune -s     # makes our day a bit more fun.... :-)
fi

function _exit()        # function to run upon exit of shell
{
    echo -e "${RED}Hasta la vista, baby${NC}"
}
trap _exit 0

#---------------
# Shell prompt
#---------------

function fastprompt()
{
    unset PROMPT_COMMAND
    case $TERM in
        *term | rxvt )
            PS1="[\h] \W > \[\033]0;[\u@\h] \w\007\]" ;;
        *)
            PS1="[\h] \W > " ;;
    esac
}

function powerprompt()
{
    _powerprompt()
    {
        LOAD=$(uptime|sed -e "s/.*: \([^,]*\).*/\1/" -e "s/ //g")
        TIME=$(date +%H:%M)
    }

    PROMPT_COMMAND=_powerprompt
    case $TERM in
        *term | rxvt  )
            PS1="${cyan}[\$TIME \$LOAD]$NC\n[\h \#] \W > \[\033]0;[\u@\h] \w\007\]" ;;
        linux )
            PS1="${cyan}[\$TIME - \$LOAD]$NC\n[\h \#] \w > " ;;
        * )
            PS1="[\$TIME - \$LOAD]\n[\h \#] \w > " ;;
    esac
}

powerprompt     # this is the default prompt - might be slow
                # If too slow, use fastprompt instead....

#===============================================================
#
# ALIASES AND FUNCTIONS
#
# Arguably, some functions defined here are quite big
# (ie 'lowercase') but my workstation has 512Meg of RAM, so .....
# If you want to make this file smaller, these functions can
# be converted into scripts.
#
# Many functions were taken (almost) straight from the bash-2.04
# examples.
#
#===============================================================

#-------------------
# Personnal Aliases
#-------------------

alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'
# -> Prevents accidentally clobbering files.

alias h='history'
alias j='jobs -l'
alias r='rlogin'
alias which='type -all'
alias ..='cd ..'
alias path='echo -e ${PATH//:/\\n}'
alias print='/usr/bin/lp -o nobanner -d $LPDEST'   # Assumes LPDEST is defined 
alias pjet='enscript -h -G -fCourier9 -d $LPDEST'  # Pretty-print using enscript
alias background='xv -root -quit -max -rmode 5' # put a picture in the background
alias vi='vim'
alias du='du -h'
alias df='df -kh'

# The 'ls' family (this assumes you use the GNU ls)
alias ls='ls -hF --color'	# add colors for filetype recognition
alias lx='ls -lXB'		# sort by extension
alias lk='ls -lSr'		# sort by size
alias la='ls -Al'		# show hidden files
alias lr='ls -lR'		# recursice ls
alias lt='ls -ltr'		# sort by date
alias lm='ls -al |more'		# pipe through 'more'
alias tree='tree -Cs'		# nice alternative to 'ls'


# tailoring 'less'
alias more='less'
export PAGER=less
export LESSCHARSET='latin1'
export LESSOPEN='|/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s 2>&-' # Use this if lesspipe.sh exists
export LESS='-i -N -w  -z-4 -g -e -M -X -F -R -P%t?f%f \
:stdin .?pb%pb\%:?lbLine %lb:?bbByte %bb:-...'

# spelling typos - highly personnal :-)
alias xs='cd'
alias vf='cd'
alias moer='more'
alias moew='more'
alias kk='ll'

#----------------
# a few fun ones
#----------------

function xtitle ()
{
    case $TERM in
        *term | rxvt)
            echo -n -e "\033]0;$*\007" ;;
        *)  ;;
    esac
}

# aliases...
alias top='xtitle Processes on $HOST && top'
alias make='xtitle Making $(basename $PWD) ; make'
alias ncftp="xtitle ncFTP ; ncftp"

# .. and functions 
function man ()
{
    xtitle The $(basename $1|tr -d .[:digit:]) manual
    man -a "$*"
}

function ll(){ ls -l "$@"| egrep "^d" ; ls -lXB "$@" 2>&-| egrep -v "^d|total "; }
function xemacs() { { command xemacs -private $* 2>&- & } && disown ;}
function te()  # wrapper around xemacs/gnuserv
{
    if [ "$(gnuclient -batch -eval t 2>&-)" == "t" ]; then
        gnuclient -q "$@";
    else
        ( xemacs "$@" & );
    fi
}

#-----------------------------------
# File & strings related functions:
#-----------------------------------

function ff() { find . -name '*'$1'*' ; }                 # find a file
function fe() { find . -name '*'$1'*' -exec $2 {} \; ; }  # find a file and run $2 on it 
function fstr() # find a string in a set of files
{
    if [ "$#" -gt 2 ]; then
        echo "Usage: fstr \"pattern\" [files] "
        return;
    fi
    SMSO=$(tput smso)
    RMSO=$(tput rmso)
    find . -type f -name "${2:-*}" -print | xargs grep -sin "$1" | \
sed "s/$1/$SMSO$1$RMSO/gI"
}

function cuttail() # cut last n lines in file, 10 by default
{
    nlines=${2:-10}
    sed -n -e :a -e "1,${nlines}!{P;N;D;};N;ba" $1
}

function lowercase()  # move filenames to lowercase
{
    for file ; do
        filename=${file##*/}
        case "$filename" in
        */*) dirname==${file%/*} ;;
        *) dirname=.;;
        esac
        nf=$(echo $filename | tr A-Z a-z)
        newname="${dirname}/${nf}"
        if [ "$nf" != "$filename" ]; then
            mv "$file" "$newname"
            echo "lowercase: $file --> $newname"
        else
            echo "lowercase: $file not changed."
        fi
    done
}

function swap()         # swap 2 filenames around
{
    local TMPFILE=tmp.$$
    mv $1 $TMPFILE
    mv $2 $1
    mv $TMPFILE $2
}

#-----------------------------------
# Process/system related functions:
#-----------------------------------

function my_ps() { ps $@ -u $USER -o pid,%cpu,%mem,bsdtime,command ; }
function pp() { my_ps f | awk '!/awk/ && $0~var' var=${1:-".*"} ; }

# This function is roughly the same as 'killall' on linux
# but has no equivalent (that I know of) on Solaris
function killps()   # kill by process name
{
    local pid pname sig="-TERM"   # default signal
    if [ "$#" -lt 1 ] || [ "$#" -gt 2 ]; then 
	echo "Usage: killps [-SIGNAL] pattern"
	return;
    fi
    if [ $# = 2 ]; then sig=$1 ; fi
    for pid in $(my_ps| awk '!/awk/ && $0~pat { print $1 }' pat=${!#} ) ; do
	pname=$(my_ps | awk '$1~var { print $5 }' var=$pid )
	if ask "Kill process $pid <$pname> with signal $sig?"
	    then kill $sig $pid
	fi
    done
}

function my_ip() # get IP adresses
{
    MY_IP=$(/sbin/ifconfig ppp0 | awk '/inet/ { print $2 } ' | sed -e s/addr://)
    MY_ISP=$(/sbin/ifconfig ppp0 | awk '/P-t-P/ { print $3 } ' | sed -e s/P-t-P://)
}

function ii()   # get current host related info
{
    echo -e "\nYou are logged on ${RED}$HOST"
    echo -e "\nAdditionnal information:$NC " ; uname -a
    echo -e "\n${RED}Users logged on:$NC " ; w -h
    echo -e "\n${RED}Current date :$NC " ; date
    echo -e "\n${RED}Machine stats :$NC " ; uptime
    echo -e "\n${RED}Memory stats :$NC " ; free
    my_ip 2>&- ;
    echo -e "\n${RED}Local IP Address :$NC" ; echo ${MY_IP:-"Not connected"}
    echo -e "\n${RED}ISP Address :$NC" ; echo ${MY_ISP:-"Not connected"}
    echo
}


# Misc utilities:

function repeat()       # repeat n times command
{
    local i max
    max=$1; shift;
    for ((i=1; i <= max ; i++)); do  # --> C-like syntax
        eval "$@";
    done
}


function ask()
{
    echo -n "$@" '[y/n] ' ; read ans
    case "$ans" in
        y*|Y*) return 0 ;;
        *) return 1 ;;
    esac
}

#=========================================================================
#
# PROGRAMMABLE COMPLETION - ONLY SINCE BASH-2.04
# (Most are taken from the bash 2.05 documentation)
# You will in fact need bash-2.05 for some features
#
#=========================================================================

if [ "${BASH_VERSION%.*}" \< "2.05" ]; then
    echo "You will need to upgrade to version 2.05 for programmable completion"
    return
fi

shopt -s extglob        # necessary
set +o nounset		# otherwise some completions will fail

complete -A hostname   rsh rcp telnet rlogin r ftp ping disk
complete -A command    nohup exec eval trace gdb
complete -A command    command type which
complete -A export     printenv
complete -A variable   export local readonly unset
complete -A enabled    builtin
complete -A alias      alias unalias
complete -A function   function
complete -A user       su mail finger

complete -A helptopic  help     # currently same as builtins
complete -A shopt      shopt
complete -A stopped -P '%' bg
complete -A job -P '%'     fg jobs disown

complete -A directory  mkdir rmdir
complete -A directory   -o default cd

complete -f -d -X '*.gz'  gzip
complete -f -d -X '*.bz2' bzip2
complete -f -o default -X '!*.gz'  gunzip
complete -f -o default -X '!*.bz2' bunzip2
complete -f -o default -X '!*.pl'  perl perl5
complete -f -o default -X '!*.ps'  gs ghostview ps2pdf ps2ascii
complete -f -o default -X '!*.dvi' dvips dvipdf xdvi dviselect dvitype
complete -f -o default -X '!*.pdf' acroread pdf2ps 
complete -f -o default -X '!*.+(pdf|ps)' gv 
complete -f -o default -X '!*.texi*' makeinfo texi2dvi texi2html texi2pdf
complete -f -o default -X '!*.tex' tex latex slitex 
complete -f -o default -X '!*.lyx' lyx 
complete -f -o default -X '!*.+(jpg|gif|xpm|png|bmp)' xv gimp
complete -f -o default -X '!*.mp3' mpg123 
complete -f -o default -X '!*.ogg' ogg123 


# This is a 'universal' completion function - it works when commands have
# a so-called 'long options' mode , ie: 'ls --all' instead of 'ls -a' 
_universal_func ()
{
    case "$2" in
	-*)	;;
	*)	return ;;
    esac

    case "$1" in
	\~*)	eval cmd=$1 ;;
	*)	cmd="$1" ;;
    esac
    COMPREPLY=( $("$cmd" --help | sed  -e '/--/!d' -e 's/.*--\([^ ]*\).*/--\1/'| \
grep ^"$2" |sort -u) )
}
complete  -o default -F _universal_func ldd wget bash id info


_make_targets ()
{
    local mdef makef gcmd cur prev i

    COMPREPLY=()
    cur=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}
    prev=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}

    # if prev argument is -f, return possible filename completions.
    # we could be a little smarter here and return matches against
    # `makefile Makefile *.mk', whatever exists
    case "$prev" in
        -*f)    COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -f $cur ) ); return 0;;
    esac

    # if we want an option, return the possible posix options
    case "$cur" in
        -)      COMPREPLY=(-e -f -i -k -n -p -q -r -S -s -t); return 0;;
    esac

    # make reads `makefile' before `Makefile'
    if [ -f makefile ]; then
        mdef=makefile
    elif [ -f Makefile ]; then
        mdef=Makefile
    else
        mdef=*.mk               # local convention
    fi

    # before we scan for targets, see if a makefile name was specified
    # with -f
    for (( i=0; i < ${#COMP_WORDS[@]}; i++ )); do
        if [[ ${COMP_WORDS[i]} == -*f ]]; then
            eval makef=${COMP_WORDS[i+1]}       # eval for tilde expansion
            break
        fi
    done

        [ -z "$makef" ] && makef=$mdef

    # if we have a partial word to complete, restrict completions to
    # matches of that word
    if [ -n "$2" ]; then gcmd='grep "^$2"' ; else gcmd=cat ; fi

    # if we don't want to use *.mk, we can take out the cat and use
    # test -f $makef and input redirection
    COMPREPLY=( $(cat $makef 2>/dev/null | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"} /^[^.#   ][^=]*:/ {print $1}' | tr -s ' ' '\012' | sort -u | eval $gcmd ) )
}

complete -F _make_targets -X '+($*|*.[cho])' make gmake pmake

_configure_func ()
{
    case "$2" in
        -*)     ;;
        *)      return ;;
    esac

    case "$1" in
        \~*)    eval cmd=$1 ;;
        *)      cmd="$1" ;;
    esac

    COMPREPLY=( $("$cmd" --help | awk '{if ($1 ~ /--.*/) print $1}' | grep ^"$2" | sort -u) )
}

complete -F _configure_func configure

# cvs(1) completion
_cvs ()
{
    local cur prev
    COMPREPLY=()
    cur=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}
    prev=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}

    if [ $COMP_CWORD -eq 1 ] || [ "${prev:0:1}" = "-" ]; then
	COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W 'add admin checkout commit diff \
	export history import log rdiff release remove rtag status \
	tag update' $cur ))
    else
	COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -f $cur ))
    fi
    return 0
}
complete -F _cvs cvs


_killall ()
{
    local cur prev
    COMPREPLY=()
    cur=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}

    # get a list of processes (the first sed evaluation
    # takes care of swapped out processes, the second
    # takes care of getting the basename of the process)
    COMPREPLY=( $( /usr/bin/ps -u $USER -o comm  | \
        sed -e '1,1d' -e 's#[]\[]##g' -e 's#^.*/##'| \
        awk '{if ($0 ~ /^'$cur'/) print $0}' ))

    return 0
}

complete -F _killall killall killps

# Local Variables:
# mode:shell-script
# sh-shell:bash
# End: